Livres

As the primary agency for law enforcement, the police operates at close proximity to the public and exerts significant influence over the security of individuals and communities through its behaviours and performance. Therefore, ensuring accountability of both the individuals and institutions of the police is a fundamental condition for good governance of the security sector in democratic societies. The parliament, as the highest representative body in a democratic system, plays a significant role in maintaining police accountability.
The objective of the edited volume on “The Role of Parliament in Police Governance: Lessons Learned from Asia and Europe” is to put forward good practices and recommendations for improving police accountability, with an emphasis on the strengthening of the role of parliament in police governance. The comparative analysis includes insights and lessons learned from eight country case studies including Belgium, Germany, India, Indonesia, the Netherlands, Philippines, Thailand and the United Kingdom. The findings of the cases studies can be taken into account when analysing and considering options for improving the accountability of the police to parliament as well as strengthening independent oversight bodies and parliament-police liaison mechanisms. However, it must be emphasised that these good practices always need to be adapted to the exigencies of the local context.

Recent developments such as Sweden's' Feminist Foreign Policy, the "Hillary Doctrine," and the integration of women into combat roles in the U.S. have propelled gender equality to the forefront of international politics. The UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations, however, has been integrating gender equality into peacekeeping missions for nearly two decades as part of the women, peace and security agenda that has been most clearly articulated in UNSC Resolution 1325. To what extent have peacekeeping operations achieved gender equality in peacekeeping operations and been vehicles for promoting gender equality in post-conflict states? 
While there have been major improvements related to women's participation and protection, there is still much left to be desired. Sabrina Karim and Kyle Beardsley argue that gender power imbalances between the sexes and among genders place restrictions on the participation of women in peacekeeping missions. Specifically, discrimination, a relegation of women to safe spaces, and sexual exploitation, abuse, harassment, and violence (SEAHV) continue to threaten progress on gender equality. Using unique cross-national data on sex-disaggregated participation of peacekeepers and on the allegations of SEAHV, as well as original data from the UN Mission in Liberia, the authors examine the origins and consequences of these challenges. Karim and Beardsley also identify and examine how increasing the representation of women in peacekeeping forces, and even more importantly through enhancing a more holistic value for "equal opportunity," can enable peacekeeping operations to overcome the challenges posed by power imbalances and be more of an example of and vehicle for gender equality globally.

Cet ouvrage, consacré à l’évolution récente de l’armée loyaliste congolaise, les FARDC, est une étude descriptive, analytique et synthétique des réformes entreprises depuis leur création en 2003 jusqu’en 2014. L’ouvrage met en lumière les avancées et les dysfonctionnements constatés dans la mise en œuvre de la réforme des FARDC. Une réforme – dévoyée – qui a dérivé du cadre conceptuel initial défini lors d’élaboration et dont l’objectif consistait en la formation d’une armée nationale, restructurée et intégrée.

L’ouvrage aborde également, témoignages et références bibliographiques à l’appui, la mise en cause de la hiérarchie militaire congolaise dans les revers subis par les FARDC en 2012, notamment lors de la prise de Goma par le M23. Avec une remarquable contribution de Jerôme ZiambiKengawe, diplômé de l’Ecole royale militaire de Belgique, l’ouvrage analyse en profondeur les étapes importantes de la guerre menée par les FARDC contre le M23. Dans cette partie, l’accent est mis sur les conséquences de la prise de Goma par le M23 en novembre 2012 et les facteurs (politiques, stratégiques, militaires, géopolitiques et diplomatiques) qui ont concouru à la défaite du M23 ou à la victoire des FARDC en novembre 2013.

L’auteur identifie en outre une série de personnes qui exercent une influence dans le secteur de la sécurité en République démocratique du Congo autour du président Kabila, en mettant notamment en exergue le poids atypique de deux réseaux composés de Katangais et de l’axe « Banyamulenge-Tutsi-rwandais ». L’ouvrage se termine en proposant quelques axes prospectifs devant permettre une bonne réforme pragmatique des FARDC.

"Since the 2011 overthrow of the Qaddafi regime, Libya's path had been tumultuous. Despite a number of advantages compared with other post-conflict societies, progress on political, economic, and security fronts has fallen far behind, generating frustration and threatening the recovery altogether. Libya has teetered on the brink of a relapse into civil war on more than one occasion in the past year. In the absence of a functioning state, jihadist groups have made inroads. The broader Sahel and Maghreb regions, meanwhile, are becoming more and more fragile and southern Libya verges on becoming a safe haven for al Qaeda-linked groups recently chased from Mali by French military forces.

The right international approach to Libya could nevertheless still help avert a more serious breakdown and real damage to U.S. and European regional and global interests - above all counter-terrorism and the stability of world energy markets.

This study examines what has been accomplished in Libya to date, draws lessons from the experience, and identifies some possible ways forward."

This monograph by a group of authors under the title Prosecutorial Investigation – regional criminal procedure legislation and experiences in application, which is issued by the OSCE Mission to Serbia, addresses one of the most current issues relating to the process of the reform of criminal procedure laws, not only of the countries in the region (Serbia, BiH, Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia, and Montenegro), but in a much wider context.